THERE IS / THERE ARE

THERE IS / THERE ARE

The meaning of there is and there are in Spanish is hay. We use there is to express something in singular, and we use there are to express things in plural.

El significado de there is y there are es hay. Usamos there is para expresar algo en singular, y usamos there are para expresar cosas en plural. 

        There is an elephant.          Hay un elefante.

        There are some elephants.  Hay algunos elefantes.       

Affirmative
Long form	Short form
There is	There’s	singular
There are	---	plural

Negative
Long form	Short form
There is not	There isn’t	singular
There are not	There aren’t	plural

Questions	Short answers
Is there a lion?	Yes, there is No, there isn’t.	singular
Are there any snakes?	Yes, there are No, there aren’t	plural

We usually use there is and there are to answer the question How many?

Solemos usar there is y there are para responder a la pregunta ¿cuántos?

How many books are there?      ¿Cuántos libros hay?

There are six.                        Hay seis.

                                 

                                 

VERB TO HAVE GOT - PRESENT SIMPLE

Verb to HAVE GOT – Present Simple

The verb to have got means tener in Spanish.

El verbo to have got significa tener en español. 

        She has got a pencil.          Ella tiene un lápiz.

        They have got a red car.    Ellos tienen un coche rojo.  

Affirmative
Long form	Short form
I have got a hat.	I’ve got a hat.
You have got a hat.	You’ve got a hat.
He has got a hat.	He’s got a hat.
She has got a hat.	She’s got a hat.
It has got a hat.	It’s got a hat.
We have got a hat.	We’ve got a hat.
You have got a hat.	You’ve got a hat.
They have got a hat.	They’ve got a hat.

Negative
Long form	Short form
I have not got a hat.	I haven’t got a hat.
You have not got a hat.	You haven’t got a hat.
He has not got a hat.	He hasn’t got a hat.
She has not got a hat.	She hasn’t got a hat.
It has not got a hat.	It hasn’t got a hat.
We have not got a hat.	We haven’t got a hat.
You have not got a hat.	You haven’t got a hat.
They have not got a hat.	They haven’t got a hat.

Questions	Short answers
Have I got a hat?	Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Have you got a hat?	Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Has he got a hat?	Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
Has she got a hat?	Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.
Has it got a hat?	Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Have we got a hat?	Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have you got a hat?	Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have they got a hat?	Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.

                                            

THE SOLAR SYSTEM...

...consists of the Sun and the planetary system that orbit around it. It is not only the planets but also the moons and other non-stellar objects, like comets, asteroids, minor planets and dust and gas.
The planetary system consists of eight planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

The smallest planet is Mercury, and the biggest is Jupiter.
The only planet where life exists is Earth.

Watch the video to learn more.

Click here to learn more: http://www.kidsastronomy.com/solar_system.htm

MAKING COMPARISONS I

VERB TO BE - PRESENT SIMPLE

Verb TO BE – Present Simple

The verb to be means ser and estar in Spanish.

El verbo to be significa  ser y estar en español. 

        He is a teacher.                   Él es profesor.

        The elephant is in the park.   El elefante está en el parque.     

Affirmative
Long form	Short form
I am a boy.	I’m a boy.
You are a boy.	You’re a boy.
He is a boy.	He’s a boy.
She is a boy.	She’s a boy.
It is a boy.	It’s a boy.
We are a boy.	We’re a boy.
You are a boy.	You’re a boy.
They are a boy.	They’re a boy.

Negative
Long form	Short form
I am not a boy.	I’m not a boy.
You are not a boy.	You aren’t a boy.
He is not a boy.	He isn’t a boy.
She is not a boy.	She isn’t a boy.
It is not a boy.	It isn’t a boy.
We are not a boy.	We aren’t a boy.
You are not a boy.	You aren’t a boy.
They are not a boy.	They aren’t a boy.

Questions	Short answers
Am I a boy?	Yes, I am. or No, I’m not.
Are you a boy?	Yes, I am. or No, I’m not.
Is he a boy?	Yes, he is. or No, he isn’t.
Is she a boy?	Yes, she is. or No, she isn’t.
Is it a boy?	Yes, it is. or No, it isn’t.
Are we a boy?	Yes, we are. or No, we aren’t.
Are you a boy?	Yes, we are. or No, we aren’t.
Are they a boy?	Yes, they are. or No, they aren’t.

It is used in English to express age.

Se usa en inglés para expresar la edad. 

        I’m ten years old.

        Peter is thirteen years old.

                                            

                                                          

THE HIGHEST MOUNTAIN...

...on Earth is the Mount Everest in the Himalayas. 

The Mount Everest.

The Himalayas is a mountain range placed in Asia. The Himalayan range is home of the highest peaks on Earth, being the Mount Everest the highest one. 

The Himalayas include over a hundred mountains exceeding 7,200 metres in heigh. They also include some of the eight-thousanders, that is, the mountains that are more than 8,000 metres high above sea level.

The eight-thousanders.

The Mount Everest is 8,848 metres high. By contrast, the highest peak outside Asia, Aconcagua, in the Andes, is 6,961 metres high. So, the Mount Everest is higher than the Mount Aconcagua. 

ADJECTIVES II - MAKING COMPARISONS

Adjectives II – Making Comparisons

Comparatives and Superlatives are special forms of adjectives. They are used to compare two or more things.

El grado comparativo y el grado superlativo son formas especiales de adjetivos. Se usan para comparar dos cosas o más cosas. 

To form the comparative we use than after an adjective. To form the superlative we use the before an adjective.

Para formar el grado comparativo usamos than después del adjetivo. Para formar el grado superlativo usamos the antes del adjetivo. 

            The Mount Everest is higher than the Mount Aconcagua.

            The Mount Everes is the highest mountain on Earth.

                                                        

Generally, comparatives are formed using –er and superlatives are formed using –est.

Normalmente, el comparativo se forma usando –er y el superlativo se forma usando –est.

One-syllable adjectives form the comparative by adding the suffix –er and the superlative by adding the suffix –est  to the adjective.

Los adjetivos de una sílaba forman el comparativo añadiendo al adjetivo el sufijo –er y el superlativo añadiendo el sufijo –est. 

            tall                             taller                          tallest

            long                            longer                        longest

            cold                            colder                        coldest

With one-syllable adjectives that end in a vowel followed by a consonant, we must double the consonant and add the suffixes –er for the comparative and –est for the superlative. 

Con los adjetivos de una sílaba que terminan en una vocal seguida de consonante, debemos duplicar la consonante y añadir los sufijos –er para el comparativo y –est para el superlativo.

   fat                              fatter                          fattest

            big                              bigger                          biggest

            hot                              hotter                         hottest

If the adjectives of one or two syllables end in a consonant + y, we usually change the y for an i and add –er/–est.

Si los adjetivos de una o dos sílabas terminan en una consonante seguida de y, normalmente cambiamos la y por una i y añadimos –er/–est.

            happy                         happier                      happiest

            funny                          funnier                       funniest

With most two-syllables adjectives we use the words more and most for the comparative and superlative respectively.

Con la mayoría de los adjetivos de dos sílabas usamos las palabras more y most para el comparativo y el superlativo respectivamente.

           

            boring                        more boring                most boring

With adjectives of three or more syllables we always use more and most.

Con los adjetivos de tres y más sílabas siempre usamos more y most.

            beautiful                     more beautiful          most beautiful

            interesting                   more interesting        most interesting

There are some irregular adjectives, for example:

Hay algunos adjetivos irregulares, por ejemplo:

            good                          better (than)              (the) best

            bad                            worse (than)              (the) worst